Indicators

The term “Indicator” stands to represent indication of something. What are these things which are important in for your vehicle? Following indicators are most important indicators for your engine: a.      Fuel level indicator b.      Lube oil level indicator c.       Water level indicator       Fuel...

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Lubrication System Components

The lubrication system of your engine consists of four major components. These components are as follows: a.      Lube Oil Pump b.      Pressure Relief Valve c.       Oil Filter d.      Oil Cooler Lube Oil Pump: Actually, there are two types of lube oil pumps in the market. These are- i. Rotary Type ii. Gear Type  Rotary...

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Lube Oil Indicators

Basically, there are four types of lube oil indicators available in the market. You may find any one of the following indicators in your car: a.      Digital Gauge b.      Indicator Light c.       Electronic Gauge d.      Electric Gauge Digital Gauge: If you are running a car with an electronic instrument...

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Lubricating Oil Functions

Lube oil and lubrication system is really an important factor for your engine. Do you have any idea about its functions? Following points will give you a clear idea about its importance:  Lubrication: The main function of your engine’s lube oil is to reduce frictional losses of all rotating parts. It also aids to move them properly and smoothly. Cleaning: You can also call it a cleaning agent. It aids to resists slug formation in the engine cylinder. When piston moves up and down, piston ring scrape down accumulated...

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Engine Lubrication System

Before going on details about lubrication system, you have understand first what is it and why you have to give priority to your engine’s lubrication system. Basically, your engine’s lubrication system supplies lube oil to all moving parts including crankshaft, connecting rod, and piston and so on. May be you are thinking about its working principle. Just read the following principle to understand it clearly.  Probably, you have already...

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Fuel Injection Pumps

There are various types of fuel injection pumps available for automotives. The Bosch fuel injection pump is a widely used one. In your fuel injection system, you will also find a specific pump designed by the manufacturer for proper fuel injection. Actually, this pump increases the pressure of the fuel to be injected by the injector. It takes the fuel from the fuel take, and then passes it through the fuel line of your engine to the injector. Practically,...

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Fuel Injectors

There are two basic types of fuel injectors. You may find any one of these injectors in your car: a. Mechanical Injector b. Solenoid Operated Injector a. Mechanical Injector: Practically, this type of injector is used in a continuous fuel injection system. This injector contains a mechanical needle valve, and the pressure of fuel operates this valve to control the fuel injection. The pressure of fuel intends to open and close the needle valve...

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Actuators

Actuators are devices which work according to the command of ECM. Various sensors send signals directly to the ECM, and then ECM takes decision. After that, the ECM sends signals to different actuators to work according to the command. Practically, actuators are transducers. You can also say actuators as the electrical to mechanical signal converter. It takes electrical signals and controls mechanical motion. Basically, sensors are input devices...

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Sensors

In the basic automobile construction system, automakers use several sensors to sense temperatures and pressures, and speed. Following are a few examples of important sensors that your car’s engine uses to get senses: a. Engine Speed Sensor b. Oxygen Sensor c. Coolant Temperature Sensor d. Air Pressure and Atmospheric Temperature Sensors a. Engine Speed Sensor: Practically, your engine’s speed sensor is placed near to the crankshaft. It senses...

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Electronic Fuel Injection Systems

You may think why it is necessary to use fuel injection system as your vehicle is already using carburetor. Yes, you are right. This part is necessary to control the air-fuel mixture richness in various operating conditions. At the very beginning of your engine’s start up, it requires a very rich mixture to make it heated up. Here, the rich mixture contains high fuel percentage than air. Again it also requires a very high rich mixture when you accelerate...

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Carburetor Explained

If you are running a car with petrol powered engine, then you have to think about the carburetor, the most important part of a petrol engine. Basically, it is a mixing device that aids air-fuel mixture to your engine. Basic construction of your carburetor contains float bowl, throttle body, and air horn as its main parts. Firstly, you have to understand the venturi clearly. It is not nothing but a narrow space through which the engine air passes...

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Turbocharger

Practically, turbocharger is connected to your vehicle’s exhaust line. It is a centrifugal air pump, and the exhaust gas of your engine drives this pump. You can ask why it is designed to run by exhaust gas. Yes, it is a good question. Now, be clever to think about its operation and power source.  If automakers use engine generated power to run this device, it will require an extra energy and fuel to operate. It will add extra money...

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Supercharger

In the recent time, you will rarely find vehicles using supercharger. Poor fuel economy is one of the most common disadvantages of this part. But, you will see automakers prefer supercharged engines for a high performance vehicle instead of turbocharger due to turbo lag. You need not to turn at high speed as like as a turbocharged engine. Now a day, you will find new designs of a supercharger, where automakers have improved fuel economy and reduced...

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Exhaust Systems

The exhaust system of your vehicle is really a vital factor for both human health and environment. So, you have to understand it clearly. You should remember that the basic function of your vehicle’s exhaust system is to collect, clean, and quiet exhaust gases of your engine. If you are running a car with V type engine, then you will find two exhaust systems for two cylinder banks. This system includes following important parts and elements:    a. Exhaust...

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Air-Fuel Mixture Distribution

The intake manifold of your engine contains the air-fuel mixture. If you give a close look to it, you will see that it would be though enough for this intake manifold to distribute the air-fuel mixture throughout cylinders. Theoretically, your engine cylinders should receive the same amount of air-fuel mixture with same richness for proper functioning. But, practically the mixture of end line cylinders is comparatively richer.  Just take...

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Emission Control Systems of a Vehicle

Those who are new with automobile or automotive engines have to know that there are three main control systems in each vehicle to control emissions of pollutants. These three control systems are discussed below: a. The Control System of Exhaust Emission: You may find some important devices, which aid to reduce pollutants from exhaust gases. Catalytic converter is a great example of the exhaust emission control system. If you look closely, it will find it very similar to the muffler. You fill find it in the exhaust system of your vehicle, ahead...

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Engine Fuels and Combustion

You will find gasoline as the most widely used fuel for automotive engines. Actually, gasoline contains hydrocarbon (CH) bond that aids to initiate the ignition. You may also think that gasoline means gas, which you are using on your kitchen. But, automotives use liquid form of gasoline. Atmospheric air contains approximately 20 percent oxygen (O) and 80 percent nitrogen (N). When combustion of air-fuel mixture takes place in the cylinder, then...

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IC Engine Applications

IC engines have very common applications on our daily life. Basically, IC engines have covered a vast field to upgrade our lifestyle. The most important applications of IC engines are in transportation on sea, air, and land.  Probably, you have not even thought like that. Okay, let us take a look at the following list to get a bit idea about its applications:  a.      Road Vehicles: Scooters,...

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Four Stroke Cycle CI and SI Engine Comparison and Differences

Your four stroke cycle petrol engine is a great example of a SI (Spark Ignition) engine. Diesel engines are referred to as CI (Compression Ignition) Engines. How can you compare or differentiate SI and CI engines? To make things simpler to you, here is a list of some important facts: - In the suction stroke, a SI engine draws air-fuel mixture into the cylinder. But, a CI engine draws only air in the suction stroke. - You will find a carburetor in your petrol engine that mixes air and petrol. On the other hand, CI engines use atomizer or injector...

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Two Stroke and Four Stroke Engine Comparisons

You will rarely find two stroke engines now a day. If you are running a four stroke petrol engine, then you have to understand that why your engine is superior to a two stroke engine. The following are some listed points to make your concepts clear about the advantages of four stroke cycle engine:  - Firstly, if you think about a two stroke cycle engine, then you have to understand how it completes the cycle. In a two stroke cycle engine, the working cycle is completed in only two strokes. It carries out suction and compression strokes...

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Four Stroke Cycle Petrol Engine

How does the petrol engine of your vehicle work? It has become the most promising question to you. Let us take a look at the operation and engine cycle of a petrol engine. Theoretically, a petrol engine cycle is also known as the Otto cycle. Your petrol powered engine requires four strokes of the engine piston to complete a cycle.  These four strokes are discussed below: a. Suction Stroke: At the very beginning of the suction stroke, the...

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What is Thrust Bearing and Why it is Important for Your Engine?

      The thrust bearing is one of the most important bearings of your engine, which limits the endplay of your crankshaft. You will see flanges on both sides of this bearing, and the crankshaft flanges fit very close to thrust bearing flanges. This special structure of thrust bearing aids to resist forward and rearward movement of your engine’s crankshaft. Thus, it aids to resist vibration.  ...

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Main Bearings and Bushing

You may find bearings and bushing in places where your engine contains rotary parts. You will find sleeve bearings, which fit like sleeves around rotating shafts of your engine. Here, you will find most bearings are journal, and a few ball bearings. Due to durable service and low wear and tear, journal bearings are used in automotives. The shaft part of your engine that rotates in the bearing is known as the journal. The following is a list of...

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Why Your Engine Requires a Flywheel?

- Firstly, a flywheel is advantageous to provide continuous energy. If your engine’s energy becomes discontinuous, then the flywheel will aid the engine to make it continuous by supplying the stored energy. - Basically, the flywheel is capable of supplying energy at rates that exceed the abilities of your engine’s energy source. - It also aids to control the orientation of your engine’s mechanical system....

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What is a Flywheel and How Does It Work?

Flywheel   You will find the manual transmission flywheel at the end of the crankshaft. Basically, a flywheel is a rotating mechanical device, which aids to store rotational energy. Most interesting matter is that it poses significant moment of inertia, and it also aids to resist changes of your engine’s rotational speed. In most cases, you will find flywheels made of steel. Now a day, automakers are bringing carbon fiber flywheels to...

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Theoretical Timing Diagram of a Four Stroke Cycle Petrol Engine:

Theoretical Valve Timing Diagram: The theoretical timing diagram of a four stroke cycle engine is shown in the figure. Here, you can see that at the initial stage of the suction stroke, the valve opens and takes place between A to B. To complete this, the crankshaft revolves 180o and the piston moves from TDC to BDC. At BDC the inlet valve closes and the compression takes place between B to C. The crankshaft revolves 180o, and the piston...

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Valve Timing System

The timing system of valve is really an interesting matter on an automotive engine operation. You may wonder to think about the valve timing and all responsible elements to control it. Firstly, you have to know what the valve timing is. Generally, valve timing refers to cylinder valve opening and closing times in relation to the position of your engine piston. Remember that all specifications of timing system are calculated in degrees, and these...

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